Investors weren't misled by big banks' bonanza of incredible earnings.
Yes, profit and revenue for all three banks that reported Friday rose compared with a year earlier. JPMorgan reported a record revenue of $39.34 billion, a 25% jump that beat analysts' estimate by more than $3 billion. Wells Fargo's revenue popped 17%, and Citi's rose 12%.
Investors rewarded the banks for their sterling balance sheets: JPMorgan soared 7.55% and Citi added 4.78% — though Wells Fargo dipped 0.05%, not because its numbers were bad but, I suspect, because it didn't beat Wall Street expectations as much as the other two banks.
Why were the figures so good? They had to thank rising interest rates, which allow banks to charge more for loans they make, while keeping the interest on saving accounts low. Banks pocket the difference, which is known as net interest income. It seems banks will continue benefiting from today's high interest-rate environment: JPMorgan predicted net interest income will be $7 billion more than the bank had previously forecast.
But high interest rates are a double-edged sword. Even though higher rates fueled big banks' earnings, they also expose weaknesses in balance sheets, as Dimon himself warned. This means that regional banks, lacking the financial heft of bigger ones to cushion possible losses — that's essentially how SVB failed — might not have such good news to share when they report earnings next week.
In other words, what's good for big banks' income is not necessarily good for the economy. Indeed, data released Friday showed the economy is slowing down. Retail sales in March declined 1%, two times more than economists had expected, according to an advanced reading. Citigroup CEO Jane Fraser said on an investor call that the bank saw a "notable softening" in consumer spending this year.
Despite the excitement over the big banks' earnings, then, investors kept a cool head, causing the three major indexes to fall. The S&P 500 lost 0.21%, the Dow Jones Industrial Index slid 0.42% and the Nasdaq Composite fell 0.35%.
Further earnings this week will give investors a clearer sense of markets.
Here are some key reports to look out for: Charles Schwab on Monday; Bank of America, Goldman Sachs and Netflix on Tuesday; Morgan Stanley, IBM and Tesla on Wednesday; American Express on Thursday; Procter & Gamble on Friday. By the end of this week, investors should know if the disconnect between a profitable corporate America and a flagging economy is limited to big banks — or if it's another side effect of the strange times we live in.
